A.      R&D Statistics.
 
1.      R&D expenditure as a percentage of the GNP for selected developing and developed countries is: Brazil 0.6% , India 0.7%, Pakisthan 0.9% , Australia 1.7% , Germany 2.1%,  France 2.4%, Japan 2.9%, UK 2.2%, USA 2.5%.

2.      Government S&T expenditure  has increased from Rs 20 crores in the First Plan to Rs 27 crores in Second Plan, Rs 144 crores in Third Plan , Rs 373 crores in Fourth Plan, Rs 1381 crores in Fifth Plan, Rs 3668 croes in Sixth Plan, Rs 8264 for Seventh Plan, Rs 17529 for the Eighth Plan and Rs 25, 529 crores for the Nineth Plan.

3.      In India the share of expenditure by industry and government is around 28% and 72% respectively, while the contribution by industry in developed countries is very much higher , with Japan and Korea having the highest proportions.

4.      Indian R&D establishments employ roughly 3.14 scientific-technical personnel - 25 per lakh population compared with 714 in Japan and 373 in USA.

5.      The number of DSIR recognised in-house R&D units has increased from about 100 in 1973 to around 1160 as of now. The growth in the number of units has now slowed down. Their total R&D expenditure has increased from Rs 300 crores in 1980 - 81 to about Rs 2000 crores as of now, with public sector share being 23% and the rest in private. There are over 250 units spending just about one crore.The expenditure as percentage of the turn over as a whole works out to 0.7%.

6.      The estimated manpower at present in the units is over 50,000 with around 2700 PhDs, 16500 ME/MTech/BE/BTech/MSc , 14000 graduates and the rest others.

7.      A survey covering over 1000 units revealed that the commercialisation factor i.e. the ratio of R&D expenditure to that of increased annual turn over is about 1.25 , the values being 1.17 for PSUs and 1.33 for the private ones.Thus it is estimated that with an annual R&D budget of Rs 2000 crores, the enhanced production would be Rs 50,000 crores.
 
B.      Promotional Programmes of Government.
 
1.      Programme Aimed at Technological Self Reliance ,PATSER.

Till date DSIR has supported 113 projects in public and private sector units for Rs 155 crores with DSIR contribution of Rs 45 crores.

2.      Technoprenaur Promotion Programme TePP operated through DST.

3.       New Millenium Indian Technology Leadership Initiative NMITLI with a provision of Rs 50 crores and operated by CSIR..  

4.      Technology Development Fund TDB operated through DST.

5.      TIFAC operated Home Grown Technologies support programme.

6.      Drugs Development Programme operated by DST.

7.      Instrument Development Programme of DST.
 
C.      Fiscal Incentives and Support Measures.
 
1.      Write-off of revenue expenditure on R&D vide Sec 35(1)i of Income Tax Act.

2.      Write-off of capital expenditure on R&D in the year vide Section 35(1)(1v) of IT Act.

3.      Weighted Tax Deduction of 125% for sponsored research programmes in approved national laboratories under ICAR,CSIR,ICMR,DRDO,DOE,DBT,DAE, IITs and so on.

4.      10 years tax holiday to commercial R&D companies.

And many more such schemes to promote industrial R&D for which DSIR may be contacted.